Obesity is a critical lifestyle factor that increases the risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases such as hypertension [ 1 ], diabetes [ 2 ], and cardiovascular disease (CVD) [ 3 ], and increases mortality [ 4 ]. This clustering of behaviours is important, since the negative health outcomes associated with multiple lifestyle risk factors are greater than the sum of individual health risk behaviours [27]. EFS wrote the first draft of the manuscript, with help from MEB. Reducing risk of childhood obesity in the wake of covid-19 Ruby MB. These findings are relevant to future health promotion interventions and behaviour change in this important population. Ishibashi, Chisaki Mccourt HJ, Draffin CR, Woodside JV, Cardwell CR, Young IS, Hunter SJ, et al. Physical activity can protect against weight gain, but globally, people just aren't doing enough of it. Obesity causes problems with infertility, and in early gestation it causes spontaneous pregnancy loss and congenital anomalies. Obesity is now a bigger cause of deaths in Scotland and England than smoking, according to a new study. This population also represents a group of young adults with a set of unique factors driving dietary intake: the transition to university life may be associated with increased autonomy over food choice, small food budgets, and exposure to new social groups and food cultures. 2007;49:16976. J Am Diet Assoc. Pearsons correlation coefficients between dietary pattern scores and energy intake were calculated. Matsushita, Taisuke Support and wellbeing. Design: Online questionnaire-based survey of undergraduate and. This dietary pattern was labelled vegetarian, because there was a clear tendency towards consumption of non-meat protein sources and avoidance of all meat and fish products. These 55 foods/food groups are detailed in Additionalfile1: Table S1. This study utilized longitudinal data from the NYC Fitnessgram . This means schools have a rich opportunity to improve youth health and tackle obesity at the ideal point in time-before problems take hold. Janette Walton - Senior Lecturer (Biological Sciences) - LinkedIn A 2017 Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior report found that during four years of college, the percentage of students overweight or obese rose from 23% to 41% a 78% increase. The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Matsumura, Yuichiro Google Scholar. Identifying factors associated with obesity traits in - Springer Matsui, Isao His experiences are steadily being accumulated through over 9 years of working seamlessly in the nutritional discipline at local and regional institutions. 2005;25:84161. 2022. 2017). It should be noted that we used previously well-proven or validated questionnaires. Dietary patterns were generated from food frequency intake data using principal components analysis. Lack of sleep -another hallmark of the Western lifestyle-is also emerging as a risk factor for . Additionally, reporting being able to cook a wide range of meals from raw ingredients (p=0.002), daily consumption of meals made from raw ingredients (p<0.001) and pre-prepared foods (p=0.002), greatest amount of money spent on food (50/week) (p<0.001), at least occasional consumption of animal products (p<0.001) and infrequent skipping of breakfast (p<0.001) were independently associated with higher health-conscious pattern scores. The University of Sheffield was its sponsor. One in four students reported that they consumed meals cooked from pre-prepared foods, which could be assumed to represent convenience foods, most days or everyday. [cited 2018 Aug 29]. Chen, Xiaomei PubMedGoogle Scholar. We obtained weight change by subtracting, for each individual, self-reported weights collected at the different time points. and EFS was primarily responsible for data collection and analysis, with advice from JMR. Infrequent consumption of meals prepared from raw ingredients (p<0.001), and frequent consumption of pre-prepared foods (p<0.001) and ready meals/take-aways (p<0.001) were also independently associated with high snacking pattern scores. This research aimed to characterise dietary patterns of university students in the UK and their sociodemographic and lifestyle antecedents. Researches among university students show overweight/obesity prevalences of approximately 30 %, with rates higher for men than for women ( 4, 7 - 9) . Obesity is a severe public health problem that has reached epidemic levels and is developing rapidly. Undergraduate Research Opportunities Programme. Dietary patterns of university students in the UK: a cross-sectional Northstone K, Emmett PM. A University of Gothenburg study found that being overweight in childhood and early adulthood are distinct risk factors for blood clots later in life. Clinical Research | Study | Imperial College London UK Data: Obesity, Age Rising Among NHS Surgical Patients 4 Overweight and obesity have been proven to . This email provided study details and emphasised that students did not have to be eating a healthy diet to participate. Appetite. This component was labelled snacking, because it was mainly characterised by snack-type foods that generally did not represent components of main meals, require no preparation and offered many options for mobile consumption. Nutr J 17, 90 (2018). University of Glasgow researchers looked at health surveys of nearly 200,000 adults. To avoid this, the majority of assessments were conducted over 2 d to ensure adequate concentration while answering the questions and to promote the participation. Why College Students are Obese (And How it Affects Them) Food insecurity an issue impacting 25.4% of college students increases the odds of obesity by 3.16-5.13 times. Sex and gender differences in childhood obesity: contributing to the Finally, fourth, the design itself was cross-sectional so causal conclusions cannot be drawn from the behaviour factors selected. Sedentary behaviours and obesity in adults: the - BMJ Open Genes also may contribute to a person's susceptibility to weight gain. It causes symptoms including shortness of breath, fatigue, and joint pain, among others. Appetite. Four principal components were retained, which explained 21.7% of the total variance in food intake. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of obesity among university students Authors Baohong Xue 1 , Xu Zhang 1 , Tingting Li 1 , Yuanlong Gu 2 , Rui Wang 3 , Wangyang Chen 4 , Xiaohua Ren 4 , Xiaohong Liu 4 , Guanqing Chen 4 , Yi Lin 4 , Chenchen Pan 4 , Wenying Zhao 4 , Tinghui Li 4 , Lianping He 4 , Chunlei Han 5 Affiliations Another outcome of the observation was the information provided by the Student Union, which has a great inluence on students. In 201920, mature students (aged 21 and over) accounted for 57.5% of the student population at UUK member institutions. Weight and Discrimination: Legal Issues in Weight Discrimination. Full details are provided in tabular form in Additional file1: Table S2). In Model 1, male gender (p<0.001), lowest leisure-time physical activity levels (p=0.032), and regular/social smoking status (p<0.001) were independently associated with higher scores on the convenience, red meat & alcohol diet pattern. Crombie AP, Ilich JZ, Dutton GR, Panton LB, Abood DA. Obesity is now a bigger cause of deaths in Scotland and England than smoking, according to a new study. Correspondence to Attendance at Ulster University (p<0.001) was independently associated with lower scores. Weight gain and obesity among university students is therefore a recognized health issue. Mikkil V, Rsnen L, Raitakari OT, Pietinen P, Viikari J. This homogeneity suggests that this pattern is pervasive across all universities studied, substantiating popular beliefs that the diet of UK university students is one of poor quality. Aggregation of lifestyle behaviours has previously been reported in both university student and adult populations [26,27,28]. 2008;5:4048. These are displayed in Table3. Shinzawa, Maki For example, it is recognised that adoption of a vegetarian diet is related to concern about the environment and animal welfare, as well as for health reasons and weight management [35, 36]. However information from the Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) indicates an SES gradient between universities: a greater proportion of students at Ulster University are from manual occupational backgrounds than from KCL, Sheffield and Southampton (no data available for St Andrews) [30]. Specifically, female students favoured a vegetarian diet, whilst male students scored highly on the convenience, red meat & alcohol pattern. One important aspect relates to diet and there is emerging evidence that university students may consume poor quality diets, with potential implications for body weight and long-term health. A student survey conducted in Northern Ireland reported a positive gradient in diet quality by year of study [3]. Universities in particular may represent a setting in which dietary behaviours are open to change and large groups of young adults can be reached, representing an appropriate target for health promotion efforts. Associate Professor in Nutrition at Kingston University . The cut-offs for implausible energy intakes in the Nurses Health Study (<500 Kcal/day and>3500 Kcal/day) and Healthcare Professionals Follow-up Study (<800 Kcal/day or>4200 Kcal/day) were used to identify and exclude participants reporting implausible energy intakes the current study. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. 2009;109:186977. All interested candidates can apply for the academic year 2023-2024. Article Br J Clin Psychol. The authors gratefully acknowledge Professor Peter Emery at Kings College London and Dr. Penelope Nestel at The University of Southampton for their assistance in administration of the survey. Alcohol consumption has received most research attention revealing that binge drinking is endemic [2, 3]. Our aim was to study which types of sedentary behaviours are associated with obesity in adults after controlling for a wide range of potential confounders. Multi-comparison post-hoc tests with Sidak correction were carried out to aid interpretation of significant factors in the GLM. College-based obesity prevention educational interventions Clustering of lifestyle risk factors with dietary patterns was also evident, with less healthful dietary patterns associated with smoking, low physical activity and take-away consumption. Dietary patterns of university students in the UK: a cross-sectional study. Obesity And Food Insecurity Paradigm | University of Kentucky College Figure1 shows numbers of students excluded based on fulfilment of various eligibility criteria. Larson NI, Perry CL, Story M, Neumark-Sztainer D. Food preparation by young adults is associated with better diet quality. Globally, obesity is affecting an increasing proportion of children. Demographics / sample characteristics. The Body Mass Index or BMI is a scale that assigns a number value that is . Results Two-hundred sixty-eight articles were included comprising . Dietary behaviours and sociocultural demographics in Northern Ireland. 15. Compliance with dietary recommendations according to body fat (BF) classification in the population under study: students of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), EHU12/24 study(Mean values and standard deviations, percentages), Table 5. Whilst high rates of binge drinking have previously been documented among student populations [3, 26], and there is a popular stereotype of students as heavy drinkers, only one pattern (convenience, red meat & alcohol) was high in alcoholic beverages. 2022. Prevalencia de peso insuficiente, sobrepeso y obesidad, ingesta de energa y perfil calrico de la dieta de estudiantes universitarios de la Comunidad Autnoma de la Regin de Murcia (Espaa) (Prevalence of insufficient weight, overweight and obesity, intake of energy and caloric profile of the diet of University students of the Autonomous Community of the Region of Murcia (Spain)), Association between take-out food consumption and obesity among chinese university students: a cross-sectional study, Prevalence of overweight/obesity, anaemia and their associations among female university students in Dubai, United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional study, The correlation between obesity and metabolic syndrome in young female university students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Nutritive value of meals, dietary habits and nutritive status in Croatian university students according to gender, Assessment of weight status, dietary habits and beliefs, physical activity, and nutritional knowledge among university students, Relationships between food consumption and living arrangements among university students in four European countriesa cross-sectional study, Sex differences in lifestyle behaviors among U.S. college Freshmen, Eating habits of University students living at, or away from home in Greece, Gender, residence and ethnicity affect freshman BMI and dietary habits, Differences in the association of diet quality with body fat distribution between men and women, Students university healthy lifestyle practice: quantitative analysis, Predictors of Self-rated Health and Lifestyle Behaviours in Swedish University Students, Hospital M. Transitions in drinking behaviors across the college years: a latent transition analysis, Behavioral health risk profiles of undergraduate university students in England, wales, and northern Ireland: a cluster analysis, Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and lifestyle characteristics of university students in cyprus: a cross-sectional survey, Social relationships and healthful dietary behaviour: evidence from over-50s in the EPIC cohort, UK, Physiological responses to food intake throughout the day, Tracking of obesity-related behaviours from childhood to adulthood: a systematic review, Results of a 2-year randomized, controlled obesity prevention trial: effects on diet, activity and sleep behaviors in an at-risk young adult population, Adolescent diet quality and cardiovascular disease risk factors and incident cardiovascular disease in middle-aged women, the prevalence of dietary supplement use among college students: a nationwide survey in Japan, Consumption and reasons for use of dietary supplements in an Australian university population, Patterns of dietary supplement use among college students, Cluster Analysis of Health-Related Lifestyles in University Students, Clustering of lifestyle factors in Spanish university students: the relationship between smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and diet quality, Eating habits, food and health related attitudes and beliefs reported by French students, The EHU12/24 cohort: survey design, instruments and participants, International Standards for Anthropometric Assessment. 2012;58:10918 Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22407132. Dr Andrew Kane, lead author says: "The fact that the population requiring surgery with anaesthesia is 2.3 years older than nine years ago has important implications. Public Health Nutr. A high prevalence of overweight and obesity was noted among the study sample, particularly male students. Only health sciences students were recruited at the University of Southampton, because of logistical issues in distribution of the survey. FFQs are not optimal for the measurement of absolute dietary intake, but the use of a dietary pattern approach permitted ranking according to food group intake and so was considered appropriate. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2022. Larson NI, Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M. Weight control behaviors and dietary intake among adolescents and young adults: longitudinal findings from project EAT. Dietary gradients were also evident in relation to geography in a comparative study of university students from seven universities across the UK, although absence of information on specific university location limits comparison [2]. Dietary patterns in UK adolescents obtained from a dual-source FFQ and their associations with socio-economic position, nutrient intake and modes of eating. Also, it assesses the relationship between the sociodemographic characteristics and risk of overweight and obesity in this population. Key messages Of the different sedentary behaviour types, TV viewing is most consistently related with higher body mass index (BMI) and large waist circumference in both sexes. Yamauchi-Takihara, Keiko 1983;37:10312. J Am Diet Assoc. If they are overweight or obese, they will carry the wrong impression to the general population. Nikolaou CK, Hankey CR, Lean MEJ. Ethical approval was obtained from 3 participating university. Lower scores were independently associated with living alone (p=0.026) and spending less money on food (p<0.001). 2 These children are at greater risk of developing related functional, metabolic, and psychological conditions; experiencing pervasive weight bias and stigma; and having greater healthcare costs. Maternal obesity during pregnancy can turn to be fatal for both the mother as well as the baby, according to a new study. An independent inverse association between living alone in private accommodation and score on this pattern approached significance (p=0.053). The department, functioning under the Ministry of Science and Technology, had offered the Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research (INSPIRE) scholarship to the student in January 2017. Consistent dietary patterns identified from childhood to adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study. Compared with normal-weight students, overweight students had greater waist and hip circumferences and higher blood pressure, fasting and 2-h insulin, fasting total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and leptin levels. Students tending to the convenience, red meat & alcohol pattern reported spending more money on food each week. et al. The inactivity at different ages it is a major problem for most countries. Lifestyle risk factors of students: a cluster analytical approach. Shi, Yumeng Furthermore, use of an FFQ allowed dietary intake to be captured over a 3-month semester and facilitated recruitment of a large, geographically diverse sample, albeit a convenience one. Dietary intakes - National Diet and Nutrition Survey. Pearsons product moment correlation coefficients were calculated between pattern scores and absolute nutrient intakes. Compliance with lifestyle recommendations according to body fat (BF) classification in the population under study: students of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), EHU12/24 study(Mean values and standard deviations, percentages), Table 6. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescents is defined according to the WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents (overweight = 1 standard deviation body mass index for age and sex, and obese = 2 standard deviations body mass index for age and sex). This cross-sectional study involved a convenience sample of five regionally and socio-economically diverse universities throughout the UK (Universities of: Sheffield, Ulster, Kings College London (KCL), Southampton and St Andrews). Students with poor cooking ability were less likely to adopt healthier (vegetarian; health-conscious) diets than their more skilled counterparts. . Lead a dynamic research team in the activity of national food consumption surveys in Ireland including the impact of dietary intake on population health. Background Many studies have examined childhood and adolescent obesity, but few have examined young adults and the effect of their home and current living environments on prevalence rates. In Model 2, the five significant demographic factors identified in Model 1 remained independently associated with health-conscious pattern scores. Terms and Conditions, Research activity also includes future proofing dietary assessment methodologies, dietary modelling for more . UK) is too high (NHS Choices 2014). Severe obesity and fitness in New York City public school youth, 2010 Li, Hongjuan Gendered food preferences were also evident, especially in relation to meat consumption. The authors declare that they have no competing interest. The first dietary component had high positive factor loadings ( 0.32) for pulses, beans and lentils, tofu, meat alternatives, hummus, nuts, and other green vegetables and salad items. Food intake varied amongst university students. These recruitment differences may have biased the sample towards health-motivated students at KCL, St Andrews and Southampton. Indeed, the BMI distributions were also biased towards healthy, in keeping with other student surveys [4, 26]. Correlation coefficients 0.5 and0.5 were considered strong. By the time they are aged 10 or 11, more than a quarter are obese,. 2006;106:20017. Woodruff SJ, Hanning RM, Lambraki I, Storey KE, McCargar L. Healthy eating index-C is compromised among adolescents with body weight concerns, weight loss dieting, and meal skipping. Greater meat and fast food consumption among male students has previously been reported, and vegetarianism is more prevalent amongst female students [3, 24]. BMI is a tool that doctors use to assess whether or not a person has an appropriate weight for their age, sex, and height. Perceived barriers to weight maintenance among university students in Public Health Nutr. The convenience, red meat & alcohol pattern was associated with higher weekly food spending; this pattern was also identified most consistently across universities. Weight and Discrimination: Legal Issues The lack of association between university attended and consumption of the convenience, red meat & alcohol diet also deserves attention. 1 The number of school-aged children and adolescents living with obesity is predicted to rise from 150 million worldwide to over 250 million Factors related to diet and lifestyles associated with an increased risk of excess body fat (BF) in the population under study: students of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), EHU12/24 study(Odds ratio and 95 % confidence intervals). for this article. Moriyama, Toshiki All authors contributed to revisions and approval of the final manuscript. ERIC - EJ1275585 - Lifestyle Behaviors and Related Health Risk Factors 2008;88:145. According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) between 2009 and 2010 more than 35 percent of adults across the U.S. and Canada were considered obese, (McGuire, 2011, pp. Overweight and Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in College Students Alcohol attitudes, motives, norms, and personality traits longitudinally classify nondrinkers, moderate drinkers, and binge drinkers using discriminant function analysis. 2015;2015:639239 Available from: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/apm/2015/639239/. After qualifying in 2000, have been very fortunate to work in a wide variety of specialities including acute hospital dietitian, HEN specialist, Diabetes, Obesity and Public Health. Sport at school, an ally against obesity - lemonde.fr Obesity rates among children and adolescents worldwide shifted from less than 1% in 1975 to nearly 6% among girls and 8% . The findings of the study should be considered within the context of its limitations. Table S2. Ideally, the sampling frame would have included a greater number of universities and involved stratification by year of study, subject group and socioeconomic indices in order to give a nationally representative profile of student eating patterns. . This dietary pattern was labelled health-conscious, because it was characterised by foods typically associated with improved health, and was congruent with dietary components labelled health-conscious or prudent in other dietary pattern studies [21]. Download: PPT PowerPoint slide PNG larger image TIFF original image Table 1. This was the autumn semester 2013 for students at Sheffield, the autumn semester 2014 for students at Ulster and KCL, and the spring semester 2014 for students at Southampton and St Andrews. hasContentIssue true, This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (, The Author(s), 2021.

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