10 Do I capitalize southern as in the US region? Should the word northwest be capitalized? Explained by Sharing Culture You should only capitalize directions, such as north, when you are referring to it as the proper noun, such as "in the North.". Job seekers, Is Pepsi the owner of KFC? MLA style follows The Chicago Manual of Style (8.47) for geographic terms. Capital Letters with North, East, South, and West - Grammar Monster Note: This post relates to content in the eighth edition of the MLA Handbook. Be consistent (e.g., dont use south England in one part of a document and South England in another if youre referring to the same place). Did any DOS compatibility layers exist for any UNIX-like systems before DOS started to become outmoded? The periods are omitted in headlines. If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Western States. However, if youre referring to a general location, such as the western winds then western should be lowercase. Is Colorado in the west or the West? 5 Free French-to-English Translation Services, Broad geographical regions (e.g., the North or the Far East), People from a specific region (e.g., Northerners, Southerners), Cultures or movements related to a region (e.g., Western philosophy). Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Whichever version you use, then, we'd suggest not capitalizing the direction, just the country name. The following sentence is capitalized correctly : I learned that Thor is the god of thunder when I read a book about myths from Norway. When words like northern, southern, eastern, and western precede a place name, they are not ordinarily capitalized, because they merely indicate general location within a region. What is, In a front-wheel drive setup, theyre what transfers power to the wheels via the transmission or differential (in a rear-wheel drive setup). The state abbreviations are always the same: two letter abbreviations with uppercase letters and no periods or spaces between them. Thor and Norway are capitalized because they are proper nouns. Capitalize these words when they designate regions. @Devil07, the geographical adjective "southern" is not usurped -- it just means something different. The following examples illustrate not only the principles sketched in [an earlier section of CMOS] but also variations based on context and usage. I often have to write north, west in reference to an entrance or exit, for example, the patron exited through the north turnstile. North, South, West, East Capitalizing Can Be a Beast - ProofreadNOW.com "I" is always capitalized, along with all its . But it would be unusual to do this for a less well-known location, such as south Coventry.. Example: "War-weary ministers in London asked themselves why they fought a costly war in the [north] when they had friends in the Carolinas and Georgia.". Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Hi there! Topic Q&A List - The Chicago Manual of Style Online Lowercase to when it functions in an infinitive. The state abbreviations are always in the same format: two letter abbreviations where both letters are uppercase and no periods or spaces between each letter. When it's an adjective ("bicentennial year"), I agree that no cap is needed . A region could also be a group of nations. It only loosely defines a region of California and its border is not officially defined either. In short, it says to capitalize northern, southern, eastern, western and related words when they refer to the PEOPLE in a region or what they DO (i.e., their political, cultural or social activities) or are part of the place name. If the is used, use Prime Minister. If you are merely referring to a direction, such as "go south on I-90," then you should keep south lowercase. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. For example, capitalizing "Southerner" in the sentence "As a Southerner, she had a distinct drawl" can be up for debate. Is Grandma a well-behaved woman? I guess you're saying that it's always okay to break any principle if you really want to, because CMOS says so. Do not capitalize these words when they merely indicate general location or refer to the geography or climate of the region. Capitalizing western and capitalizing west have the same rules. Consult your dictionary if your preferred style guide doesnt address this issue. In some cases, like country and city names, this is clear. Rule 2. How should "Northern Europe" be capitalized? South-East Albania? What about capitalizing a Westerner or a Westerner? She moved from the East Coast to the West Coast. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. The word white is not usually capitalized in this situation; men would never be. Here are a few sentences with the word "region" in them: If part of a title or headline, the word "region" can be capitalized to conform to title capitalization rules. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Todays post explains when to capitalize geographic regions in the United States. Human settlements and their impact on the physical geography, and, The communication between the environment and humanity, The precipitation is the maximum in the interior, Cattle-breeding techniques or practices could vary across, Urundi and Ruanda are fertile, healthy, high-lying, and thickly populated, This text isn't a law but an abstract of the several special usages obtained in those, She passed the Lake Amadeus and the Reynolds range in that direction but had to turn, Many scholars are now studying the global. Why Do Cross Country Runners Have Skinny Legs? Is South Capitalized? - Capitalize My Title To know what other words you should capitalize, try our free title capitalization tool. The Chicago Manual of Style (Chicago style) suggests lowercasing terms like midwesterner, northerner, southerner, and westerner, except when referencing the Civil War, in which case Northerner and Southerner should be capitalized:6. Does the word federal need to be capitalized? Back East. So, if a person is from South Africa, south would be capitalized since it's the proper name of the country. Dates. In most forms of writings, not capitalizing direction names when they could have been capitalized doesn't bother the readers much. For example: I live in The North. Instead of using the frequently used double-space, only use one space after a period to properly follow AP style guidelines. When in doubt, lowercase. Broadly speaking, a region is an area that's divided by: Geographic regions are usually depicted by their not-so-clearly defined, and at times transitory boundaries. In other words, when the word "region" is a part of a name or is being specific in its meaning, the word is capitalized. Colorado is part of the Southwest. When words like northern, southern, eastern, and western precede a place name, they are not ordinarily capitalized, because they merely indicate general location within a region. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Do You Capitalize North, South, East and West? EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Limited Or Anthology Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actress In A Comedy Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Supporting Actor In A Comedy Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actress In A Limited Or Anthology Series Or Movie, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actor In A Limited Or Anthology Series Or Movie. Knowing whether to capitalize directional adjectives can be challenging. Southern, according to a co-author, should not be capitalized because it is an adjective rather than a noun. In case it's not obvious, I have a bachelor's in writing. However, it is accepted that these are capitalized when discussing the American Civil War, for example, and, as mentioned in this article in the final Summary section, some style guides prefer north and south to always be capitalized when referring generally to these areas of the United States. Certain regions of California (Bay Area, Southern California, Central Coast, etc.) So the upshot of my answer is that you didn't miss the memo (or perhaps I should say The Memo) on this issue, but at the same time you didn't notice a larger phenomenon in accordance with which initial-capping Southern California is by no means a unique, inexplicable, or indefensible treatment of a regional name. For example, The hurricane move north towards the Gulf Coast. When we write the days of the week, we always use a capital letter. Capitalize the first word of a document and the first word after a period. MLA style followsThe Chicago Manual of Style (8.47) for geographic terms. Clearly, LA, OC, and SD are part of Southern California, but there are a lot of other places that are located in southern California that are not located in Southern California, such as Palm Springs, Salton Sea, Joshua Tree, Blythe, etc. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Some could argue the word "Southerner" in the sentence denotes someone who belongs to a specific region, and the letter "S" should therefore be capitalized. When a database has been given a proper name, capitalize that name, but do not italicize it or place it inside quote marks. However, as in the case of plant names, animal names are not capitalized ("I spotted a red-tailed hawk," not "I spotted a Red-Tailed Hawk"), except when an element of the name is a proper noun, as in "Steller . My name is Erin. If it's a name, it's a proper noun. "southern California" is not the same as "Southern California". Geographic Regions and States Editorial Style Guide Purchase College By convention, however, southern is capitalized when it refers to the region of California: I live in Southern California. Pronouns that refer to any god or gods should be lowercased. In all cases, though, you should: Check your style guide (if applicable) for advice on specific terms. Surely not one word Southeast? The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Without capitalization, it could refer to anyone in the southern hemisphere, or perhaps southern England. Some common examples of when you should capitalize south include: down South the Deep South References to God (s) The word "god" should be capitalized if it is being used as a proper name of a monotheistic god, as in God in Christianity and Judaism. Do You Capitalize Regions When Writing? When & When Not To AP Style holds to the general rule of lowercasing compass directions and capitalizing regions. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. For example, Southern US is proper because it is a specific region. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. Erin Wright, 20122023. Likewise, capitalize terms such as "Native American," "Hispanic," and so on. The word "southern" is not part of the official name of California or any city or county, so I never capitalize it. For up-to-date guidance, see the ninth edition of the MLA Handbook. How do I connect these two faces together? the Southern States the Eastern Seaboard Northern Ireland the Western Hemisphere I studied Pisces, a constellation of the North sky, on a cloudless night. Do you know "what is the Western Hemisphere?" Explanation: Because, Pisces is a noun. There may be disagreement about where the border of Southern California begins, just as there was and is about the border of the Wild West, but the fact that the Los Angeles metropolitan area, Orange County, and San Diego are all located in Southern California is beyond debate. North Dakota; West Virginia; Also capitalize compass points when used in denoting widely known sections. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. One exception to this rule: common objects with a country or nationality as part of the name ( french fries, scotch whiskey, venetian blinds, and so forth). When combining with another common noun to form the name for a region . when they indicate compass direction, but capitalize when they indicate a region: the West Coast. Capitalize a persons title when it precedes the name. Have you ever visited the Western United States? The United Kingdom, for instance, is a region that comprises four countries: Scotland, England, Northern Ireland, and Wales. Editorial Style Guide - University Of Nevada, Las Vegas For example, "western Massachusetts", "northern New Jersey". The Associated Press Stylebook (AP style) suggests capitalizing terms like Midwesterner, Northerner, Southerner, and Westerner:5. The main thing is to be consistent with whatever you choose. Meaning of Western world and alternative terms, Specifying geography with cardinal directions, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup, Meaning of " Western world" and alternative terms. Southern, on the other hand, is capitalized by convention when it refers to California: I live in Southern California. Characteristics. Is Southern California capitalized AP style? But the AP Stylebook says to always capitalize "Southern" when referring to "the South" in the United States, regardless of whether you're discussing the Civil War. The Chicago Manual of Style and the MLA Handbook, for instance, say to only capitalize Southern when referring to the American Civil War. For example, The Associated Press Stylebook (AP style) recommends capitalization:2. It is also a great option for general business writing. What are some examples of how providers can receive incentives? However, I was recently advised by someone who I consider to be educated to capitalize "southern" in this context. When referring to a specific region, you should capitalize the words East Coast such as Im traveling to the East Coast since East Coast is a proper noun in this case. Most of the north is sandy, and the northern coast is mountainous. Thus, we have rigid goldenrod but Missouri goldenrod, azure penstemon but Torrey's penstemon and California penstemon. 17th ed., U of Chicago P, 2017,www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/book/ed17/part2/ch08/psec047.html. Capitalize such words as Northerner, Southerner, and Midwesterner. So capitalize The Pacific Northwest and Central Texas, but not We drove west for two hours., The States that make up The South are usually considered to be: Virginia Tennessee Arkansas Louisiana North Carolina South Carolina Mississippi Alabama Georgia Florida Texas. when they indicate compass direction, but capitalize when they indicate a region: the West Coast. Did I miss the memo on this issue? In general, you should capitalize the first word, all nouns, all verbs (even short ones, like is), all adjectives, and all proper nouns. capitalization, maps, writing tips. Not capitalizing when referring to a general direction. However, widely known designations are capitalized: the Upper East Side, Southern California. 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